Random Puzzles 

Workings

Hint
Look at the first and third columns first.

Answer
The missing sum is 40.
Circle   = 12
Star     = 3
Square   = 7
Triangle = 9

Reasoning
Looking at Column 1 and Column 3 we have:

[1]   Square + Star + Circle + Square = 29
[2]   Square + Square + Triangle + Star = 26

If we subtract [1] – [2] we get:

[3]   Circle – Triangle = 3

And Row 3 is:

[4]   Circle + Circle + Triangle + Circle = 45

If we add [3] + [4] we get:

Circle + Circle + Circle + Circle = 48

So, Circle = 12.

Using [3] we find that Triangle = 9.

Using Column 2 we find that Star = 3.

Using Row 1 we find that Square = 7.

Double-Checking
The rows add to: 35 + 26 + 45 + 25 = 131.

The columns add to: 29 + 36 + 26 + 40 = 131.

The rows and columns must add to the same number, so this could have been used a shortcut to the missing sum.

In total, there are:
   5 Squares   = 5 x 7  = 35
   5 Circles   = 5 x 12 = 60
   3 Stars     = 3 x 3  =  9
   3 Triangles = 3 x 9  = 27

Which is also a total of 131.

So all of the totals are the same, as expected.

Workings

Hint
The countries begin with the letters: B, M, B, J, C, S, Z, V, F, L.

Answers
bel-gi-um      = Belgium
mex-ico        = Mexico
bra-zil        = Brazil
ja-pan         = Japan
cam-bo-dia     = Cambodia
sw-itz-erl-and = Switzerland
zi-mba-bwe     = Zimbabwe
ven-ezu-ela    = Venezuela
fi-nl-and      = Finland
li-ber-ia      = Liberia

Workings

Hint
The eleven-letter word begins with the letter I.

Answer
Investigate.
bake = bike swap = snap opal = oval dyed = deed idle = isle snow = stow lump = limp aces = ages melt = malt spun = stun rant = rent

Workings

Hint
The final word starts with AI.

Answer
Isle becomes aisle.