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Workings

Hint
How much fuel was I using every hour?

Answer
150 miles.

Reasoning
I was travelling at 30mph at a rate of 20 mpg, so I was using 1.5 gallons every hour for the driving itself.

I was also losing 0.5 gallons every hour. In total, I was using 2 gallons every hour.

Therefore, to use all of the 10 gallons I started with, I travelled for 5 hours.

5 hours at 30mph is 150 miles.

Workings

Hint
How many boxes of toys can 1 toy maker make in 5 hours?

Answer
Five toy makers.

Reasoning
How many boxes of toys can 1 toy maker make in 5 hours?
2 toy makers can make 6 boxes of toys in 3 hours
1 toy maker  can make 3 boxes of toys in 3 hours
1 toy maker  can make 1 box   of toys in 1 hour
1 toy maker  can make 5 boxes of toys in 5 hours

So 4 toy makers could only make 20 boxes of toy in 5 hours, and we require the extra toy maker to make the remaining 2 boxes of toys.

Workings

Hint
The answer isn't very large at all.

Answer
There are four boys and six girls in the family.

If there were B boys, and G girls we know that Billy has twice as many sisters as brothers, so 2 x (b − 1) = g.

And his sister, Frankie, has one more sister than she has brothers, so g − 1 = b + 1.
    2(b − 1) = g       [1]
       g − 1 = b + 1   [2]

Using [1] in [2] gives:

2(b − 1) − 1 = b + 1

Expanding the bracket gives:

  2b − 2 − 1 = b + 1

Simplifying the left hand side gives:

     2b − 3  = b + 1

Add 3 to each side gives:

          2b = b + 4

Subtract b from both sides gives:

           b = 4

Using b = 4 in [1] gives:

    2(4 − 1) = g

           6 = g

Workings

Hint
You might need a dictionary.

Answer
Cervine.

The adjective for deer-like.