Find two words, which are anagrams of each other, which complete this sentence:
Due to a recent outbreak of a ? infection in the zebra house, the local animal sanctuary had to ? their electron microscope correctly, to ensure rapid detection.
Hint
The answer is 4 digits long, so what must G equal?
Answer
423 + 675 = 1098.
Reasoning
Remembering that:
even + even = even
odd + odd = even
even + odd = odd
To discuss individual letters, it's easiest to represent the sum as:
A B C
D E F +
————————
G H I J
A + D has to be over 9, which means that G = 1.
B + E = I, is even + odd = odd, which means that we can't have a carry from C + F (otherwise it would have been even + odd + 1, which is even).
The 1 has already gone, so the smallest possible value for either C or F is 3, which means that the other can't be 7 or 9 (otherwise we'd have a carry).
Therefore, C and F are 3 and 5, but we don't know which is which. But we do now know that J = 8.
A + D = H, is even + even = even, which means that we can't have a carry from B + E. Therefore, E can't be 9, as this would force a carry. So E = 7.
I is the only remaining odd number, so I = 9.
Which means that B = 2.
Neither A nor D can be 0 (otherwise we would have two of the same digit). So, H = 0.
Therefore, A and D are 4 and 6 (but we don't yet know which is which).
Since the top row's digits have to add to 9, A can't be 6, so A = 4, making C = 3.
This makes the sum 423 + 675 = 1098.
?
Puzzle 7
A farmer has 5 haystacks in one field and 4 haystacks in the other field.
How many haystacks would there be if they were combined in one field?
Can you find a 5-digit number that has no zeros, and no repeated digits, where:
The first digit is a prime number. The second digit is the fifth digit minus the first digit. The third digit is twice the first digit. The fourth digit is the third digit plus three. The fifth digit is the difference (larger − smaller) between the first digit and the fourth digit.
Don't forget that 1 isn't prime, as the prime numbers start with 2, 3, 5, …
Hint
Start with the possible answers where the first digit is a prime number, and then look at the third digit.
Answer
23,475.
Reasoning
By (1), the first digit is prime:
2----
3----
5----
7----
By (3), the third digit is twice the first digit, so we can eliminate 5---- and 7----:
2-4--
3-6--
By (4), the fourth digit is the third digit plus three:
2-47-
3-69-
By (5) the fifth digit is the difference between the first digit and the fourth digit:
2-475
3-696
We know from the introduction that no digit is repeated, so we can eliminate 3-696. And, by (2) the second digit is the fifth digit minus the first digit:
23475
