Easy Puzzles 

Workings

Hint
One of the words is GOAT.

Answer
slth   = sloth
rcn    = raccoon
mnky   = monkey
llgtr  = alligator
lphnt  = elephant
lnd    = eland
gt     = goat (or agouti)
br     = bear (or boar)
bbn    = baboon
cyt    = coyote

Workings

Hint
A little bit of algebra might help.

Answer
There are four boys and three girls.

If we call the number of boys B, and girls G.

From the first statement (we take one off as Billy is a boy):

              B − 1 = G

and similarly:

        2 x (G − 1) = B

Substitute G from the first equation into the second equation to give:

  2 x ((B − 1) − 1) = B

    2 x (B − 1) − 2 = B

      2 x B − 2 − 2 = B

          2 x B − 4 = B

                  B = 4

which means that B = 4 and hence G = 3.

Workings

Hint
Something's wrong with the letter O, and the word 'oifoeront' is important to the answer.

Answer
15 different letters: acdefhilmrstvwy.

Reasoning
The sentences should read:

As you can see, my printer replaces every third letter with the letter 'o'.

How many different letters have been replaced?

Workings

Hint
How many squares of size 1 x 1 are there?

Answer
There are 116 squares without a rook.

Reasoning
There are 61 squares of size 1 x 1.
There are 37 squares of size 2 x 2.
There are 15 squares of size 3 x 3.
There are  3 squares of size 4 x 4.

Giving a total of 61 + 37 + 15 + 3 = 116 squares.